I. Ohun elo Kọlu
1. Ipele Lile: Tungsten Carbide (WC)
- Iwọn Iwọn: 70–95%
- Awọn ohun-ini bọtini: Ṣe afihan lile-giga giga ati resistance resistance, pẹlu líle Vickers ≥1400 HV.
- Ipa ti Iwọn Ọkà:
- Ọkà Àìsàn (3–8μm): Ga toughness ati ikolu resistance, o dara fun formations pẹlu okuta wẹwẹ tabi lile interlayers.
- Ti o dara/Ọkà Ultrafine (0.2–2μm): Imudara líle ati yiya resistance, apẹrẹ fun gíga abrasive formations bi quartz sandstone.
2. Alakoso Alakoso: Cobalt (Co) tabi Nickel (Ni)
- Iwọn Iwọn: 5-30%, ti n ṣe bi "alemora irin" si awọn patikulu carbide tungsten ati pese lile.
- Orisi ati Abuda:
- Ipilẹṣẹ Kobalti (Aṣayan Gbangba):
- Awọn anfani: Agbara giga ni awọn iwọn otutu ti o ga, iṣiṣẹ igbona ti o dara, ati awọn ohun-ini imọ-ẹrọ okeerẹ giga.
- Ohun elo: Pupọ julọ aṣa ati awọn ilana iwọn otutu (cobalt wa ni iduroṣinṣin labẹ 400°C).
- Da nickel (Awọn ibeere pataki):
- Awọn anfani: Agbara ipata ti o lagbara julọ (sooro si H₂S, CO₂, ati awọn omi liluho salinity giga).
- Ohun elo: Awọn aaye gaasi ekikan, awọn iru ẹrọ ti ita, ati awọn agbegbe ibajẹ miiran.
- Ipilẹṣẹ Kobalti (Aṣayan Gbangba):
3. Awọn afikun (Imudara Ipele Micro-Micro)
- Chromium Carbide (Cr₃C₂): Ṣe ilọsiwaju ifoyina ifoyina ati dinku pipadanu alakoso binder labẹ awọn ipo iwọn otutu giga.
- Tantalum Carbide (TaC)/Niobium Carbide (NbC): Idilọwọ idagbasoke ọkà ati ki o mu ga-otutu líle.
II. Awọn idi fun Yiyan Tungsten Carbide Hardmetal
| Iṣẹ ṣiṣe | Anfani Apejuwe |
|---|---|
| Wọ Resistance | Lile keji nikan si diamond, sooro si ogbara nipasẹ awọn patikulu abrasive bi iyanrin kuotisi (oṣuwọn wọ awọn akoko 10+ kere ju irin lọ). |
| Atako Ipa | Toughness lati koluboti/nickel binder alakoso idilọwọ awọn fragmentation lati downhole vibrations ati bit bouncing (paapa isokuso-ọkà + ga-cobalt formulations). |
| Iduroṣinṣin otutu-giga | Ṣe itọju iṣẹ ni awọn iwọn otutu iho-isalẹ ti 300-500 ° C (awọn ohun elo ti o da lori cobalt ni opin iwọn otutu ti ~ 500°C). |
| Ipata Resistance | Awọn ohun elo ti o da lori nickel koju ipata lati awọn omi liluho ti o ni imi-ọjọ imi, ṣiṣe igbesi aye iṣẹ ni awọn agbegbe ekikan. |
| Iye owo-ṣiṣe | Iye owo ti o kere ju diamond/cubic boron nitride, pẹlu igbesi aye iṣẹ ni awọn akoko 20-50 ti awọn nozzles irin, ti o funni ni awọn anfani gbogbogbo ti o dara julọ. |
III. Ifiwera pẹlu Awọn ohun elo miiran
| Ohun elo Iru | Awọn alailanfani | Awọn oju iṣẹlẹ elo |
|---|---|---|
| Diamond (PCD/PDC) | Giga brittleness, ko dara resistance resistance; gbowolori pupọ (~ 100x ti tungsten carbide). | Ṣọwọn lo fun nozzles; lẹẹkọọkan ni awọn agbegbe adanwo abrasive pupọ. |
| Nitride Cubic Boron (PCBN) | O dara otutu resistance sugbon kekere toughness; gbowolori. | Ultra-jin ga-iwọn otutu awọn idasilẹ lile (ti kii ṣe ojulowo). |
| Awọn ohun elo seramiki (Al₂O₃/Si₃N₄) | Lile giga ṣugbọn brittleness pataki; ko dara gbona mọnamọna resistance. | Ni ipele afọwọsi lab, ko sibẹsibẹ ti iwọn ni iṣowo. |
| Giga-agbara Irin | Ailokun wiwọ aipe, igbesi aye iṣẹ kukuru. | Kekere-opin die-die tabi ibùgbé yiyan. |
IV. Imọ Itankalẹ Itankalẹ
1. Imudara ohun elo
- Nanocrystalline Tungsten Carbide: Iwọn ọkà <200nm, lile pọ nipasẹ 20% laisi ibajẹ lile (fun apẹẹrẹ, Sandvik Hyperion™ jara).
- Igbekale Ti iṣẹ-ṣiṣe: Giga-lile itanran-ọkà WC lori aaye nozzle, toughness isokuso-ọkà + ga-cobalt mojuto, iwọntunwọnsi yiya ati dida egungun resistance.
2. Dada Lagbara
- Aso Diamond (CVD): 2-5μm fiimu mu ki lile dada si> 6000 HV, ti o fa igbesi aye nipasẹ 3-5x (30% ilosoke iye owo).
- Lesa Cladding: Awọn fẹlẹfẹlẹ WC-Co ti a fi silẹ lori awọn agbegbe nozzle ti o ni ipalara lati jẹki resistance yiya agbegbe.
3. Afikun iṣelọpọ
- 3D-Tungsten Carbide ti a tẹjade: Ṣe iranlọwọ fun idawọle iṣọpọ ti awọn ikanni sisan ti o nipọn (fun apẹẹrẹ, awọn ẹya Venturi) lati mu ilọsiwaju hydraulic ṣiṣẹ.
V. Awọn ifosiwewe bọtini fun Aṣayan Ohun elo
| Awọn ipo iṣẹ | Iṣeduro ohun elo |
|---|---|
| Gíga abrasive formations | WC ti o dara/ultrafine-ọkà + kobalt kekere-alabọde (6–8%) |
| Awọn apakan ti o ni ipa / gbigbọn | WC-ọkà + koluboti giga (10–13%) tabi igbekalẹ iwọn |
| Awọn agbegbe ekikan (H₂S/CO₂). | Apapo orisun nickel + Cr₃C₂ aropo |
| Awọn kanga ti o jinlẹ pupọju (> 150°C) | Aloy ti o da lori Cobalt + awọn afikun TaC/NbC (yago fun orisun nickel fun agbara iwọn otutu alailagbara) |
| Iye owo-kókó ise agbese | Standard alabọde-ọkà WC + 9% koluboti |
Ipari
- Market gaba: Tungsten carbide hardmetal (WC-Co/WC-Ni) jẹ ojulowo ojulowo, ṣiṣe iṣiro> 95% ti awọn ọja nozzle lu bit agbaye.
- Core Performance: Ibadọgba si awọn italaya idasile oriṣiriṣi nipasẹ awọn atunṣe ni iwọn ọkà WC, ipin kobalt/nickel, ati awọn afikun.
- Aiyipada: O wa ojutu ti o dara julọ fun iwọntunwọnsi resistance resistance, lile, ati idiyele, pẹlu awọn imọ-ẹrọ gige-eti (nanocrystalization, awọn aṣọ-ideri) siwaju sii faagun awọn aala ohun elo rẹ.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Jun-03-2025
